BBC制作了一部超精良的动画纪录片,《我们的秘密世界——细胞的秘密生活》(Our Secret Universe: The Hidden Life of the Cell)。 制作组用精湛的CG技术渲染了一个激烈仿似星球大战,剧情却又无比真实的故事:腺病毒是最常见的空气传播病毒,堪称“精简”的进化奇迹——然而我们的人体,又是另一个“复杂”的进化奇迹。
那么,病毒是如何突破人体的层层防御,从体外一直杀进细胞核;人体又是如何步步紧逼,最终从体内祛除了这些外敌?这是此时此刻,就在世界范围内数不清的人体内正在发生的事情。
难能可贵的是,影片不但营造了最精彩的画面,也同时在科学上达到了高度的严谨——细胞内数不清的蛋白质如何协同工作,新的科学发现揭示了怎样的精妙机制,都在影片中得到了极充分的展现,同时却又深入浅出,将一切都讲述的通俗易懂。知道你会关心这种病毒与新型冠状病毒有什么联系:那么,腺病毒与冠状病毒进入细胞的机制是相同的,都是网格蛋白依赖型的内吞入侵,也就是说,在前18分钟,它们的感染机制是一样的。
但在之后就没什么共同点了。腺病毒是比较少见的无包膜病毒,而冠状病毒是有包膜病毒,这决定了它们在细胞内释放病毒的过程完全不同。
同时,腺病毒是双链DNA病毒,所以必须进入细胞核,而且必须摧毁细胞核乃至整个细胞才能扩散感染;而冠状病毒是正义RNA病毒,它会一直留在细胞质内,离开细胞的时候也不会直接破坏细胞,它是通过“细胞因子风暴”伤害宿主的。
当病毒侵入你的机体,细胞内究竟会发生什么?
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