In the preliminary planning stage, it is necessary to fully consider the objective constraints faced by factory construction, and gradually transform the “dream factory” of conceptual design into a “real factory”. On the basis of the conceptual design, the preliminary plan combines the conceptual design plan, plot characteristics and parameters, local policies and regulations, plot environment, products and production technology, logistics technology, production and logistics equivalent, logistics technology selection, planning principles, Constraints, operating indicators, etc., adopt the PFEP planning method, and output the preliminary planning of the smart factory through the calculation of production and logistics flow, the intelligent logistics import model, the calculation of logistics resource demand, and the planning of functional areas.
The main output of the preliminary planning stage includes the following parts:
1. The logistics layout plan of the factory area: mainly including the opening of the park, the roads of the park, the unloading area, the construction format (including the length, width and height of the building, the number of floors, the structure form, etc.) and the living supporting facilities (mainly referring to the parking lot, canteen, dormitory, etc.) Wait. The planning of living facilities is based on humanistic care. For example, in order to prevent employees from being exposed to the sun and rain, consider planning a wind and rain corridor in the factory area to connect the factory building, canteen and dormitory.
2. Factory functional area layout plan: The factory functional area mainly includes logistics area and production area. Logistics area generally refers to the receiving and dispatching area and storage and turnover area of raw materials and finished products. Depending on the size of the enterprise, production mode, management level, etc., the logistics area may be integrated with the production area, showing a multi-point distributed cellular arrangement, or the logistics area (such as a warehouse) may be centrally arranged independently of the production area. The production area mainly refers to the processing area of the production operation, including the pre-process and assembly process areas.
3. Auxiliary area layout plan: The auxiliary area mainly includes the auxiliary area of the park and the auxiliary area in the building. The auxiliary areas of the park mainly include high-voltage substations, low-voltage substations, air compressor rooms, etc.; dangerous goods warehouses or gas stations: solvent rooms, gas cylinder rooms, etc.; security facilities: guard posts, fences, fire control rooms, and monitoring rooms; environmental facilities: Sewage treatment stations, industrial garbage stations, waste recycling rooms; and production-related floor scales, etc. The auxiliary facilities in the building mainly include toilets, production offices, pantry, equipment auxiliary rooms, etc.
4. Preliminary allocation of logistics capabilities and resources: preliminary allocation of logistics capabilities and resources in each link, such as the planned area of each logistics area, various material storage methods, preliminary allocation of distribution methods, and a three-dimensional warehouse of materials and parts that need planning Preliminary calculation of the number of warehouses and the number of logistics facilities based on flow.
5. Preliminary definition of logistics facility parameters: It mainly includes the preliminary definition of parameters such as the type and quantity of logistics facilities. For example, the preliminary definition of a certain link requires the configuration of a latent AGV and the calculation of its preliminary quantity.
6. Preliminary building parameters related to logistics: mainly include production building form, building outline, height, storey height, column distance, fire compartment, load, rain shed, etc.
Preliminary planning is a complex optimal solution problem with multiple goals and multiple rules. Different industries, different companies, different plots, and different strategic orientations have different constraints and rules. Therefore, the preliminary planning cannot be transformed into a simple mathematical algorithm model. Instead, the mathematical model must be used to analyze and solve the input and output for each specific problem, so as to obtain a number of relatively optimized preliminary layout plans, and Only by presenting the pros and cons of each plan in detail, and comprehensively evaluating and choosing, can the planned plan be relatively optimal. Otherwise, a plan that is rashly obtained without systematic planning, because the less the constraints, the more divergent the solution will be, forming countless “comprehensions”. Different people will form different planning plans from their own point of view. Inability to form effective judgments and decisions, resulting in huge decision-making risks and opportunity costs. Therefore, in the preliminary planning stage, detailed and comprehensive input is particularly important.
