(1) The principle of market demand-oriented mechanical design, as a production activity, is closely related to the market.
From determining the design topic, use requirements, technical indicators, design and manufacturing time limit to the overall plan, it is feasible Proof of nature, comprehensive utility analysis (focusing on the comprehensive analysis of actual use effects), profit and loss analysis until specific design, trial production, appraisal, and information feedback after the product is put on the market are all closely operated around market needs. Always thinking about how to design products to make products competitive, able to occupy the market, and be favored by users.
(2) Creative principles
Creation is the ability of human beings. If human beings do not exert their creativity, production cannot develop, and science and technology will not progress. , There is no human being today. Design has strong vitality only as a creative activity. Following the old fashioned, dare not to innovate, can only fall behind others forever. Especially in the context of the rapid development of science and technology in the world today, in mechanical design It is particularly important to implement the principle of creativity in the process.
(3) Standardization, serialization, and generalization principles
Standardization, serialization, and generalization are referred to as “three modernizations” for short. “Three modernizations” is a very important technology policy currently in China. The design must be carefully implemented.
Standardization refers to the unified regulation of the quality, specifications, performance, structure and other technical indicators of products (especially parts) and implementation as standards. China’s standards have formed a huge system. There are mainly national standards, industry standards, etc. In order to be in line with international standards, some of China’s standards are rapidly moving closer to international standards. Common standard codes are GB, JB, ISO, etc., which represent the national standards of the People’s Republic of China, machinery industry Standards, International Organization for Standardization standards.
Serialization refers to the provision of several different size series for the same product under the same basic structure or basic conditions.
Generalization refers to the use of the same product in different types of products or similar products of different specifications. Structure and size of components.
The main benefits of implementing the “three modernizations” are: reducing the design workload, improving design quality and shortening the production cycle; reducing the specifications of tools and measuring tools, facilitating design and manufacturing, thereby reducing their costs; facilitating the organization of the scale of standard parts It is easy to ensure product quality, save materials, and reduce costs; improve interchangeability and facilitate maintenance; facilitate the country’s macro management and control and internal and external trade; facilitate the evaluation of product quality and resolve economic disputes.
(4) Overall
The principle of optimization design should implement the idea of ”systematization” and optimization. The internal parts of the best-performing machine are not necessarily the best; the best-performing machine is not necessarily the most profitable machine; as long as it is conducive to overall optimization , Mechanical components can also be considered to be replaced by electronics or other components. In short, designers should put the design plan in the large system to consider, seek the best, and analyze and calculate from various aspects such as economics, technology, and social benefits. On balance, as far as possible to achieve the best design.
(5) Practice the principles of design are not all divorced from reality.
Designers with special consideration of the current situation of supply of raw materials, the production conditions, conditions of use and user requirements.
( 6) Principles of ergonomic engineering.
Machines serve humans, but they also need humans to operate and use. How to adapt machines to human operating requirements? After human-machine integration, the input-output ratio is high, and the overall effect is the best. A topic facing designers. A good design must conform to the principles of ergonomics.
